Vodafone’s Albanian AI Robotic Mast Trial with Humax Signals a 5G Future of Adjustable Internal Antennas

Vodafone gives mobile masts autonomous antenna adjustment using artificial intelligence
AI now rotates mobile antennas without waiting for engineering teams
Robotic mast completes network optimisation in under thirty minutes

Vodafone has begun trialing a mobile mast fitted with an AI system and a robotic arm capable of adjusting radio antennas automatically.

The technology combines AI analysis with automated hardware movement to reduce manual intervention across 4G and 5G networks.

An algorithm developed internally by Vodafone first evaluates network demand and local conditions before directing the robotic arm’s movements.

Robotic arm handles physical adjustments

The robotic component itself comes from Humax Networks, a South Korean equipment supplier working alongside Vodafone on this trial.

Once the AI algorithm identifies where coverage or capacity needs shift, it instructs the arm to rotate or tilt the antenna accordingly.

This process reportedly takes between 20 and 30 minutes to complete while optimising for energy efficiency across the network.

Manual antenna reconfigurations, by comparison, often take days or weeks once planning approvals, site access, and road closures are factored in.

Physical engineering works are typically required as well, adding further delay to any conventional antenna adjustment process.

The system adapts coverage based on environmental patterns, pushing more signal outdoors during clear weather and boosting indoor coverage when conditions turn poor.

Self-organising algorithms also respond to shifts in local traffic congestion, allowing antennas across several sites to reposition ahead of anticipated demand peaks.

Vodafone is currently testing this setup at a site overlooking a shopping centre in Tirana, Albania.

There, coverage automatically shifts between retail and residential zones as usage patterns change throughout the day, tracking real consumer movement.

Francisco Pignatelli, director of mobile access engineering at Vodafone, described the trial as an early example of physical AI within telecoms infrastructure.

“By analysing network demand and making autonomous decisions, the AI algorithm can adjust radio antennas to optimise coverage and capacity without human intervention,” Pignatelli said.

Internal antenna components signal the next shift

Despite the current trial’s reliance on physically moving robotic hardware, Vodafone already anticipates a different approach becoming standard soon.

The company expects autonomous antenna technologies capable of adjusting internal components, rather than repositioning entire units, to reach the market within the coming months.

This shift toward internal adjustment is expected to reduce energy consumption further compared with moving an entire antenna assembly outdoors.

Vodafone stated that combining antenna digitalisation with AI-powered automation is a major step toward fully self-adapting wireless networks.

Whether internal antenna adjustment can match the physical precision achieved through robotic arm movement remains an open technical question for now.

Vodafone has not yet detailed how internal components alone will replicate the directional control that robotic rotation currently provides across varying environmental and traffic conditions.